How Do Linear Stages Differ from Other Types of Linear Motion Systems?

How Do Linear Stages Differ from Other Types of Linear Motion Systems?

Linear motion systems are an important part of industrial applications. They are able to provide high-precision motion control. And they have unique advantages and features. This article compares and analyzes linear stages with other types of linear stages.

1.Understanding Linear Motion Systems

Linear motion systems consist of a base or housing, a guide mechanism, and a drive mechanism. These systems are designed to meet the needs of a large number of applications by providing a variety of designs and configurations. Their classification usually depends on key structural features and operating principles.

2.Types of Linear Motion Systems

2.1. Actuators

Typically, an actuator refers to a linear motion system enclosed in an aluminum housing. The housing contains the guide and drive mechanisms. This setup is ideal for applications that need a compact and enclosed motion solution.

2.2. XY Tables

These systems are called "tables" or "XY tables" and are usually designed with a flat base on which the guides and drive components are mounted. They excel in applications that need multi-axis coordination, such as automation and precision machining.

2.3. Linear Stages

These systems, often referred to as "linear stages" or "translation stages," are similar in construction to linear stages, but are specifically designed to cut positioning and translation errors. They represent the pinnacle of precision in linear motion technology.

3.Major Errors in Linear Motion Systems

Linear motion systems can exhibit three types of errors: linear, angular, and planar.

3.1. Linear Errors

These are errors in positioning accuracy and repeatability that affect the system's ability to reach a desired position.

3.2 Angular Errors

Also known as roll, pitch, and yaw. They involve rotation of the X, Y, and Z axes, respectively. Angular errors cause Abbe errors. This error is amplified by the distance between the guidance mechanism (the source of the angular error) and the target point.

3.3. Planar Errors

These errors occur in two dimensions. They include deviations in the path of travel in both the horizontal (straightness) and vertical (flatness) planes.

4.Specifics on Linear Stages

Linear stages typically start with a precision ground base made of materials such as steel or granite. Compared to systems using aluminum, they offer improved flatness, straightness, and rigidity. This base material choice also helps achieve better dimensional stability over varying temperatures due to a lower coefficient of thermal expansion.

Guidance mechanisms in linear stages may include high-precision profiled rails, crossed roller guides, or air bearings. These components provide strong support to cut angular errors, especially when the guide origin and target points are offset.

Conclusion

Linear stages are widely considered the most accurate type of linear motion system. They not only provide high positioning accuracy but also significantly reduce angular and planar errors. Their sophisticated design and components make them ideal for a variety of applications.

Back to blog